Complete Guide for Upper Mustang in Nepal

10th Jan, 2024

Embark on the Upper Mustang Trek, a journey through the secluded trans-Himalayan arid terrain of the enigmatic former kingdom of Mustang in the northwest of Nepal. This trek, graded as easy to moderate, is renowned for its rich history, cultural tapestry, breathtaking mountain panoramas, and a striking landscape reminiscent of the Tibetan border to the north.

Once under the rule of monarchs until Nepal declared itself a republic in 2008, Upper Mustang remained off-limits to tourists while Lower Mustang opened its doors to tourism in the 1970s. Often referred to as The Forbidden Kingdom of Lo, Upper Mustang welcomed tourists only in 1992. Designated as a restricted area, its purpose is to safeguard and preserve the profound Tibetan Buddhist and Thakali culture, along with the Bon religion.

In recent years, Upper Mustang has experienced increased tourist interest, evolving from simple camping grounds to multi-storied tea houses. Access to Upper Mustang has become more convenient due to improved road conditions, offering various travel options such as trekking, jeep tours, bike rides, or a combination of tours and treks. Travelers worldwide are drawn to this region frozen in time, shrouded in sand. Upper Mustang is renowned for its mountain vistas, the world's deepest valley and gorge - Kali Gandaki, captivating rock formations, expansive plateaus, and a unique cultural tapestry, making it an alluring destination for backpackers.

To aid your preparation for the Upper Mustang trek, a comprehensive guide has been compiled to provide insights into the realities, expectations, and necessary preparations. Explore details about costs, permits, ideal seasons, itineraries, and more before embarking on your next flight to Upper Mustang, Nepal.

Trip Facts:

Trip Days: 15 Days
Trekking Days: 12 Days
 Highest Point: 4,210m/13,812ft at Pa Pass
Difficulty Level: Easy to Moderate
Permits: Restricted Area Permit (RAP) & Annapurna Conservation Area Project Permit (ACAP)
Accommodation: Tea-Houses
Best Seasons: Spring (March to May), Autumn (September to November), and Monsoon (June to August)

Upper Mustang Trek Highlights with Actual Adventure Pvt Ltd

Embark on an extraordinary journey with Actual Adventure Pvt Ltd as we explore the unparalleled beauty and cultural richness of the Upper Mustang region. Discover the distinctive highlights that make this trek a truly unique and awe-inspiring experience:

Traverse Unique Landscapes

Journey through the unique, semi-arid, and barren landscapes of the Mustang region, offering an unparalleled trekking experience.

Spectacular Mountain Views

Marvel at breathtaking views of towering peaks, including the majestic Annapurna, Dhaulagiri, and Nilgiri, all exceeding 7,000m, along the entire trail.

Immerse in Local Culture

Explore the rich lifestyle of the ethnic Thakali and Tibetan Buddhists residing in the picturesque villages of Mustang and Upper Mustang.

Pa Pass Exploration

Cross the high Pa Pass, reaching a maximum elevation of 4,210m/13,517ft, providing panoramic views and a sense of accomplishment.

Medieval Caves and Cliffs

 Witness the remarkable medieval caves carved into high cliffs along the Kali Gandaki Valley, offering a glimpse into early settlers' lives.

Tsarang Goempa Monastery

 Visit the ancient Tsarang Goempa Monastery, with a history spanning 500 years, showcasing the region's deep-rooted spiritual heritage.

 Lo Manthang Monasteries

Explore the 15th-century monasteries in Lo Manthang, including Jampa Lhakhang, Tubchen, Chode, and Choprang Goempa, each holding cultural treasures.

Muktinath Pilgrimage

 Visit the sacred pilgrimage site of Muktinath, revered by both Hindus and Buddhists for its spiritual significance.

 Experience Tiji Festival

Have the incredible opportunity to witness the annual Tiji festival in Lo Manthang during May, a vibrant display of cultural festivities.

Why the Upper Mustang Trek

Experience the allure of the Upper Mustang region, celebrated for its distinctive Tibetan Buddhist culture, Bon religion, and unique climate and topography. Unlike other trekking regions in Nepal, Upper Mustang enjoys a trans-Himalayan climate, making it accessible even during the monsoon and summer seasons, in addition to the popular Autumn and Spring seasons. The region's weather remains inviting throughout the year, offering close-up views of snow-covered mountain ranges against the backdrop of copper-red cliffs and vast, barren landscapes with the flowing Kali Gandaki river.

Bordering Tibet, Upper Mustang bears a profound influence of Tibetan culture and tradition. This well-preserved region, secluded from the rest of the world, transports trekkers back in time. Ancient monasteries, traditional dwellings, medieval caves, and unique attire provide a captivating glimpse into the past. With altitudes ranging from 3,050m/10,004ft near Chele to a maximum of 6,700m/22,000ft at Khamjung Himal, the trek culminates in an overnight stay at the majestic Lo Manthang, situated at 3,730m/12,235ft.

The Upper Mustang trek promises a unique, eye-opening, and awe-inspiring experience, suitable for both novice and seasoned trekkers. Whether you've explored the Annapurna Base Camp, Everest Base Camp, Langtang Valley, or other Nepalese treks, a revisit to Nepal for the Upper Mustang Trek is undoubtedly worthwhile.

Duration of Upper Mustang Trek

The Upper Mustang trek typically takes around 10 to 14 days, depending on the specific itinerary and trekking pace.

Difficulty of Upper Mustang Trek

The Upper Mustang trek is considered moderately difficult. The high altitude and challenging terrain can be demanding, but it doesn't involve technical climbing.

Trek Permit Cost for Upper Mustang

The trekking permit for Upper Mustang is a bit more expensive compared to other trekking regions in Nepal. As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, the cost was around USD 500 per person for the first 10 days and an additional fee for each extra day.

Cost of Upper Mustang Trek

The cost of the Upper Mustang trek varies depending on factors such as the trekking agency, the length of the trek, and the services included. On average, it can range from USD 2,000 to USD 3,000 per person.

Is Upper Mustang Trek Worth It?

Yes, the Upper Mustang trek is worth it for those seeking a unique cultural and natural experience. The region offers a distinct Tibetan-influenced culture, ancient monasteries, and stunning landscapes.

Length of Upper Mustang Trek

The trek to Upper Mustang is usually around 16 to 21 days, including both the trekking days and necessary acclimatization periods.

Mustang Trip Duration

 A complete trip to Mustang, including transportation to and from Kathmandu, can take around 18 to 25 days.

Estimated Budget for Mustang Visit

The total cost for visiting Mustang, including the trek, permits, accommodation, and meals, can vary but is generally in the range of USD 3,000 to USD 5,000 per person.

Best Season for Upper Mustang

The best time to visit Upper Mustang is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is clear and stable.

Why is Upper Mustang Restricted

Upper Mustang is restricted to preserve its unique cultural heritage and protect the environment. The restricted area permit aims to regulate the number of visitors and maintain the region's distinct character.

Snowfall in Upper Mustang

Snowfall is possible in Upper Mustang, especially during the winter months (December to February). Trekking during this time is not common due to harsh weather conditions.

Travel to Upper Mustang by Bus

No, you cannot reach Upper Mustang directly by bus. The trek usually starts with a flight to Jomsom or a road trip to Pokhara followed by a flight to Jomsom.

Why is Upper Mustang Famous

Upper Mustang is famous for its ancient Tibetan culture, unique landscapes, medieval villages, and well-preserved monasteries, including the iconic Lo Manthang.

Temperature in Upper Mustang

The temperatures in Upper Mustang can vary, but during the trekking seasons, daytime temperatures range from 10°C to 20°C, while nighttime temperatures can drop to around -5°C to 5°C.

Best Time to Visit Mustang

The best time to visit Mustang is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is relatively stable, and the skies are clear.

Beauty of Upper Mustang

The beauty of Upper Mustang lies in its unique blend of Tibetan culture, ancient architecture, vast landscapes, and the mystical aura of the region.

Starting Point of Upper Mustang

The trek to Upper Mustang typically starts from Jomsom, which can be reached by a short flight from Pokhara.

Highest Altitude in Upper Mustang

The highest point in the Upper Mustang trek is the Lo La Pass at an elevation of around 3,950 meters (12,959 feet).

Distance between Upper Mustang and Mustang

Upper Mustang is a region within the district of Mustang. The terms are often used interchangeably. There is no significant distance between them.

Travel Time from Kathmandu to Mustang

The travel time from Kathmandu to Mustang can vary depending on the mode of transportation. A flight to Pokhara or Jomsom followed by additional travel can take a day or two, while overland travel may take longer.

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certain regulations and requirements were in place for traveling to Upper Mustang in Nepal. However, keep in mind that regulations may change, and it's advisable to check with the latest sources or local authorities for the most up-to-date information. Here are some general insights:

Guide for Upper Mustang

As of the previous regulations, all foreign visitors were required to hire a registered guide for trekking in Upper Mustang. This rule was implemented to help preserve the unique culture and environment of the region and ensure the safety of trekkers. The guide is typically responsible for obtaining the necessary permits and assisting with logistics.

Cost of Upper Mustang Trek

The cost of trekking in Upper Mustang can vary depending on factors such as the duration of the trek, the services included in the package, and the trekking agency you choose. In general, trekking in Upper Mustang tends to be more expensive compared to other trekking regions in Nepal due to the permit fees and mandatory guide requirement.

Difficulty of Upper Mustang Trek

The Upper Mustang Trek is considered moderate in terms of difficulty. The trek involves some high passes, remote landscapes, and unique cultural experiences. Trekkers should be in good physical condition and prepared for both the altitude and the arid terrain.

Upper Mustang Permit Cost

The Upper Mustang region is a restricted area, and trekkers need to obtain a special permit to enter. The permit cost varies, and it is typically more expensive than permits for other trekking regions in Nepal. As of my last update, the cost was around USD 500 per person for a 10-day permit. An additional fee was charged for each extra day spent in the region.

King of Upper Mustang

As of my last knowledge update, Upper Mustang used to be a semi-autonomous kingdom with a local king or "raja." However, Nepal abolished its monarchy in 2008, and Upper Mustang became part of the democratic system of Nepal. The former king, Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista, no longer holds a political role, and the region is now under the governance of the federal system in Nepal.

Restrictions in Upper Mustang

Upper Mustang was a restricted area due to its unique cultural and historical significance. The restrictions were put in place to preserve the Tibetan-influenced culture, protect the environment, and manage tourism sustainably. The restrictions also aim to control the impact of outside influences on the traditional way of life in the region. Visitors are required to obtain special permits to enter Upper Mustang.